Writing Center

Key Terms, Spring 2018

Key Terms

Amid a complicated tangle of lexicon terms — structure, motive, thesis and so on — key terms often get left in the dust. They are overlooked as merely the necessary means to convey information; however, key terms are much more than a linguistic convenience.

Most importantly, key terms signal the subject matter of an argument and the discipline(s) within which it is operating. They represent a microcosm of the relevant scholarly conversation, where an individual term can allude to an entire body of scholarship. When strategically placed throughout the structures of the essay, key terms keep the argument on track and help guide the reader through new points. Motive can rely on key terms in some cases: Why is a certain term important for understanding a particular concept or theory? In what ways do scholars define a term? Is there tension between the definitions of a term or in the arguments revolving around it? One can even think of key terms as algebraic variables: If they are well-defined, then they can be cleverly and clearly manipulated in the thesis like x and y in an equation.

We often conceive of our essays in terms of our theses, but this is just as possible to do so with our key terms. Indeed, paying closer attention to key terms can sometimes lead to innovative arguments or new fields of inquiry altogether. In this “anti-thetical” fashion, the following examples represent the benefits of prioritizing key terms.

Key Terms, Spring 2018

The Language of Monstrosity

In a Tortoiseshell: Madelyn Broome’s “The Language of Monstrosity” argues that in film adaptations of Mary Shelley’s classic Frankenstein, the creature’s lack of language leads to a lack of depth in audiences’ emotional responses to the creature’s misfortunes.  This excerpt highlights the author’s use of her key term “human” not just as a familiar tool with which to support her argument, but as a mechanism for creating motive.

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Spring 2018

Spring 2018: Editor’s Note

Tortoise: A Journal of Writing Pedagogy is an annual journal that publishes excerpts of student scholarship from within the Princeton community. Showcasing writers from all disciplines and levels—both Princeton undergraduate and graduate students—we emphasize the writing process as much as its “finished” product.

Tortoise curates excerpts of exemplary academic writing with reflective commentaries on the research and writing methods underpinning the prose. Tortoise’s ambition is thus not only to share student writing with a wider audience but also to demonstrate how it works and how it was developed.

Our Spring 2018 issue is titled “Anti-thesis”, which may seem like a surprising theme for a publication about writing pedagogy.  As writers, we tend to agonize over articulating our thesis statement. How can we possibly synthesize our entire argument into a sentence or two? Oftentimes, in the process of writing, it can be helpful to focus first on developing and strengthening other aspects of your essay like close reading analysis, orienting, and motive. In the process of developing and refining these parts of the essay, we often clarify our understanding of our own argument. Once we fully understand what we are trying to argue, the thesis will often appear, nearly fully formed and ready to be put on the page, a sum of various other argumentative parts. “Anti-thesis” encapsulates this entire process. We hope it will remind beginning and experienced writers alike that good works of academic writing build interesting and effective arguments not just by crafting a good thesis, but also by fully considering each aspect of the Writing Lexicon: motive, structure, analysis, and even conclusion.

Tortoise’s 2018 issue showcases the ways in which 13 different writers have refined and supported the core argument of their essays using far more than just a perfect thesis statement. This gallery of works covers a diverse number of disciplines and writing tactics. As you read through this issue, you will discover whether or not Asian migrants defy the “immigrant health paradox,” how spirituality and savagery collide in William Faulkner’s Light in August,  and what kind of invasive species vex policymakers in the United States. You will also be introduced to how conclusions work to synthesize essay arguments, how literature reviews frame the scholarly argument that a writer is preparing to enter, and how key terms work to orient and anchor an argument in the scholarly conversation. This issue will show you how each part of the Writing Lexicon connects together, like pieces of a puzzle, to craft beautiful finished works of art. Enjoy!

Close Reading, Spring 2018

Hair as Time in The Comedy of Errors

In a Tortoiseshell: In this paper, Eric uses close-reading to analyze a seemingly throwaway exchange between two characters in Act II of Shakespeare’s Comedy of Errors, revealing an unexpected equivalence between the physical feature of hair and the abstract concept of time. By using his close-reading as a lens through which to read other mentions of hair and baldness across the play, Eric gives us an example of analysis that builds on itself, taking us from hair, to time, to the play’s central claims about agency.

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Feature, Spring 2018

Eden on Earth: An Analysis of Piet Mondrian’s Later Works

In a Tortoiseshell: In this art history paper, Matthew explores the potential factors in Piet Mondrian’s decision, upon entering the United States, to shift his aesthetics towards the naturalism he had previously disavowed. Matthew’s roadmap thesis lays out the topics his paper will explore, without giving us all of his conclusions. By motivating not only his paper as a whole, but also individual arguments, paragraphs, and sentences, Matthew dexterously complicates his arguments; with a prose style that prioritizes rhythm and narrative, he makes sure we stay along for the ride.

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Key Terms, Spring 2018

Rethinking Moral Luck: What Conditions are Necessary for Moral Responsibility?

In a Tortoiseshell: While the entirety of Katie’s “Rethinking Moral Luck: What Conditions are Necessary for Moral Responsibility?” is an excellent showcase of how to navigate key terms, this section is particularly special. Here, not only does Katie introduce her own key term (which skillfully arises from the specific problems she identifies with the key terms that already exist in the scholarly conversation) but she also goes on to give a carefully crafted analysis of the key terms that appear within that overarching key term she proposes!  This section not only allows Katie’s readers to fully understand what her term means but more importantly allows us to really see how her “Revised Control Condition” is in direct conversation with the concerns she addresses in Nagel’s “Strong Control Condition” and Rosen’s “Moderate Control Condition.”

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Motive, Spring 2018

Boys Beyond Binary: An Exploration of the Non-Identitarian Nature of Relationships in Umberto Saba’s “Ernesto” and Luca Guadagnino’s “Call Me By Your Name”

In a Tortoiseshell: In her essay about the relationships of the protagonists in Umberto Saba’s “Ernesto” and the 2017 film Call Me By Your Name, Bes Arnaout navigates the difficulty of arguing for the existence of a relationship paradigm that the theory has not considered. In doing so, Bes creatively extends her motive, that the critics have gotten the relationship wrong, to ground readers as they move through the paper. She is therefore able to motivate close-readings at critical moments to extend her thesis, which would otherwise become amorphous. In doing so, Bes opens up a new avenue for writers who want to argue something but lack the language to categorize it in existing theoretical terms.

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Literature Review, Spring 2018

Student Reflections on Service: Cultural and Socioeconomic Variations in Motivations for and Valuation of Volunteering

In a Tortoiseshell: In her junior paper, Rebecca Kahn explores the influence of socioeconomic status and cultural context on undergraduate students’ conception of service work. One of the primary strengths of this paper is its literature review: by summarizing and pinpointing shortcomings in the research around her topic, Rebecca ultimately solidifies the importance of her contribution to the greater body of scholarship concerning service work.

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Orienting, Spring 2018

Modeling the Model Minority: Does the Immigrant Health Paradox Apply to Asian Migrants’ Mental Health?

In a Tortoiseshell: In her paper about the immigrant health paradox, the notion that foreign born, recent arrivals of a given ethnic group typically have better health than their American born counterparts, Diana Chao positions the reader to appreciate the nuances of her argument, that the immigrant health paradox does not apply to Asian migrants, by effectively orienting the reader. After first providing the reader with concise definitions for key terms which are necessary to understand her thesis, Diana proceeds to give a comprehensive outline of the scholarly conversation surrounding her topic, which feeds directly into her motive.

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Motive, Spring 2018

A Dangerous Affair: Lady Susan’s Seductive Power in Love & Friendship

In a Tortoiseshell: In this junior paper on Love & Friendship, a film adaptation of Lady Susan by Jane Austen, Megan Laubach’s motive is multi-faceted. Her introduction begins with in-text motive as Megan notices that Love & Friendship, despite being narrative in form, feels like an authentic adaptation of a novella written as a collection of letters. Then, Megan situates her in-text motive in a larger scholarly debate within film criticism about narration, leapfrogging from scholar to scholar in order to both disagree with them and insert her own voice into the conversation: this is scholarly motive. Taken together, Megan’s introduction is an excellent example of how to motivate a larger research paper topic on the orders of both primary and secondary sources.

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